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Annual Report 2014

“We want to assess how much of the global mineral resources are really available on the ocean floor. Some locations are already known, in particular active hydrothermal vents and manganese nodule areas, but on this limited basis it is difficult to make a global estimate. In addition, we need to find ­deposits that have a size sufficient to make a real difference to global metal supply.” PROFESSOR MARK HANNINGTON directs the Marine Mineral Resources Research Group at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel “We are developing the heating system that will heat plasma fuel to ignition temperature at the interna- tional fusion test reactor ITER. Fast hydrogen atoms injected into the plasma transmit their energy to plasma particles via collisions. Using this method, we can achieve a temperature many times hotter than the sun. We are also designing a heating system for a future demonstration plant and are thus laying the foundation for a fusion power plant.” PROFESSOR URSEL FANTZ directs the ITER Technology and Diagnostics Division of the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, an associate member of the Helmholtz Association “It was a radical step to return to Germany from the United States after a stay of almost 25 years, but the prospects awaiting me in Berlin were fantastic. The new EMIL laboratory at BESSY II will offer op- portunities that previously did not exist. Here we can combine different measurement techniques and directly investigate materials such as the thin layers in solar cells during their growth process.” DR. SIMONE RAOUX directs the institute Nanospectroscopy for the Design and Optimisation of Energy-Relevant Materials at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin

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